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What is niacin? A vitamin belonging to the ‘B’ group, niacin is capable of being dissolved in water and is easily absorbed into the bloodstream. The body utilizes its needs and excretes the excess. |
Niacin is prescribed in patients suffering from cardiac disease as it is a vasodilator that thins the blood and widens the blood vessels. In doing so, it increases the blood flow. Niacin is an agent that breaks down blood sugar for energy.
Niacin is found in several natural foods especially fish, swordfish and mackerel in particular. Niacin is also found in milk, eggs, check mutton, beef, pork, avocados, set in nuts and fortified cereals.
The recommended daily allowance as prescribed by the National Academy of Sciences is as follows:
Deficiency in niacin gives rise to nervous disturbances that may eventually lead to mental deterioration. It also affects the digestive system and creates skin eruptions, a consequence of Pellagra a disease arising out of Vitamin B deficiency. Pellagra is a chronic disease which can only be reversed with natural supplements. A low niacin level can also lead to anemia which is also symtomized by a deficiency in folic acid.
An excess of this vitamin can lead to niacin toxicity. Skin eruption and too much niacin are synonymous. Mildly high doses create hot flushes because of a dilation of the blood vessels. The outcome is a tingling sensation on the face and shoulders. Sometimes, this symptom is accompanied by stomach ailments, itchiness and headaches. Larger doses could result in nausea, diarrhea, mouth ulcers and diabetes. In rare cases it can lead to liver damage. Most of the side effects, except liver damage, generally disappear after discontinuation. A niacin flush (or skin eruption) that is triggered by release of histamines can be counteracted by consuming a good meal.
Pregnant and nursing women, sufferers of liver disease, cirrhosis or hepatitis C should take niacin only on the advice of their physicians.
The form of niacin that is generally recommended and which does not usually trigger a flush is known as Niacinamide.
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