However, in a fetus with Down syndrome there are three copies of chromosome 21 instead of two. When the fetus is around 16 to 18 weeks of age, a test for Down syndrome can be done.

The age of the fetus is determined through ultrasound scans which gives the age to the nearest point of accuracy. The ultra sound can give the age because the parameters taken into account are not only the size of the fetus but other features like the size of the mother’s uterus and the presence of amniotic fluids and several other factors. While the baby might have Down syndrome and may not be reaching the milestone, the uterus of a pregnant woman functions normally and there are certain milestones for the uterus to reach. Based on both the findings based on the size and dimensions of the uterus and the baby the fetal age is determined.

During the ultrasound scan if it is revealed that the fetal age is 18 weeks but the fetus is way too small and is not developing according to the chart, then further tests may be ordered to find out the possibility of Down syndrome.

The possibility of this condition is also higher in mothers who are in the 35 to 40 age group. Maternal age plays a large role in the diagnosis of the Down syndrome. In the United States screening for Down syndrome is highly recommended for women who are pregnant after the age of 35. It has also been found that in mothers who carry babies with Down syndrome the human chrionic gonodotropin levels are very low. This could be one of the causes leading to the under development of the child.

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